Enye yezinto ezibalulekile ze-ceramics esobala ukudlulisa kwayo. Uma ukukhanya kudlula phakathi nendawo, ukulahleka kokukhanya kanye nokunciphisa amandla kuzokwenzeka ngenxa yokumunca, ukubukeka kwendawo, ukuhlakazeka kanye nokuphindwa kwento emaphakathi. Lokhu kuncishiswa akuxhomekile kuphela ekwakhiweni kwamakhemikhali okuyisisekelo kwezinto, kodwa futhi ku-microstructure yezinto. Izici ezithinta ukuhanjiswa kwezitsha zobumba zizokwethulwa ngezansi.
1.I-Porosity yezinto zobumba
Ukulungiswa kwezitsha ze-ceramics ezisobala empeleni kuwukuqeda ukuminyana kwe-micro-pore ngokuphelele kwinqubo yokucwilisa. Ubukhulu, inombolo kanye nohlobo lwe-pore ezintweni zizoba nomthelela omkhulu ekukhanyeni kwezinto ze-ceramic.Izinguquko ezincane ku-porosity zingashintsha kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kwezinto. Isibonelo, ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi ukukhanya kwehla ngo-33% lapho i-porosity evaliwe ku-ceramics ishintsha isuka ku-0.25% iye ku-0.85%. Nakuba lokhu kungase kube umphumela wesimo esithile, ngokwezinga elithile, singabona ukuthi umphumela we-porosity ekukhanyeni kwe-ceramics ukubonakaliswa okuqondile nokunobudlova. Eminye idatha yocwaningo ikhombisa ukuthi lapho umthamo we-stomatal ungu-3%, ukudluliselwa ngu-0.01%, futhi lapho umthamo we-stomatal ungu-0.3%, ukudluliselwa ngu-10%. Ngakho-ke, izitsha ze-ceramics ezisobala kufanele zikhulise ukuminyana kwazo futhi zehlise i-porosity yazo, ngokuvamile engaphezu kuka-99.9%. Ngaphandle kwe-porosity, ububanzi bembotshana bubuye bube nomthelela omkhulu ekudluliselweni kwezitsha zobumba. Njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni ongezansi, singabona ukuthi ukudlulisa kuphansi kakhulu lapho ububanzi be-stomata bulingana nobude begagasi bokukhanya kwesigameko.
2. Usayizi wokusanhlamvu
Usayizi wokusanhlamvu wama-polycrystals e-ceramic nawo unethonya elikhulu ekudlulisweni kwezitsha zobumba ezisobala. Uma isigameko sobude be-wavelength bulingana nobubanzi obusanhlamvu, umphumela wokuhlakazeka wokukhanya mkhulu futhi ukudlulisela kuphansi kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukudluliswa kwezitsha zobumba ezikhanyelayo, usayizi wokusanhlamvu kufanele ulawulwe ngaphandle kwebanga lamaza okukhanya kwesigameko.
3. Isakhiwo somngcele wokusanhlamvu
Umngcele wokusanhlamvu ungenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezicekela phansi i-homogeneity ye-optical ye-ceramics futhi ibangele ukuhlakazeka kokukhanya futhi yehlise ukudluliswa kwezinto. Ukwakhiwa kwesigaba sezinto ze-ceramic ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa izigaba ezimbili noma ngaphezulu, ezingaholela kalula ekuhlakazeni ukukhanya endaweni yomngcele. Uma umehluko omkhulu ekubunjweni kwezinto zokwakha, umehluko omkhulu kunkomba ye-refractive, futhi wehlisa ukudluliswa kwawo wonke ama-ceramics.Ngakho-ke, isifunda somngcele wokusanhlamvu wezitsha zobumba ezikhanyelayo kufanele zibe mncane, ukufanisa ukukhanya kuhle, futhi azikho izimbotshana. , ukufakwa, ukuhlukaniswa nokunye. Izinto ze-Ceramic ezinamakristalu e-isotropic zingafinyelela ukudluliswa komugqa okufana nalokhu kwengilazi.
4. Ukuphela kwendawo
Ukudluliswa kwezitsha zobumba ezikhanyelayo kuphinde kuthinteke ngokuba namahhadlahhadla. Ubukhulu be-ceramic surface abuhlobene nje kuphela nobuhle bezinto ezingavuthiwe, kodwa futhi nokuqedwa komshini we-ceramic surface. Ngemuva kokucwiliswa, ingaphezulu le-ceramics engaphenduliwe inobunzima obukhulu, futhi ukubonakaliswa okusabalele kuzokwenzeka lapho ukukhanya kwenzeka ebusweni, okuzoholela ekulahlekeni kokukhanya. Uma ubukhulu bendawo buba bukhulu, ukudluliswa kubi nakakhulu.
Ubulukhuni obungaphezulu be-ceramics buhlobene nokucoleka kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ngaphezu kokukhetha izinto ezingavuthiwe eziphezulu, ingaphezulu le-ceramics kufanele ligaywe futhi lipholishwe. Ukudluliselwa kwe-alumina ceramics esobala kungathuthukiswa kakhulu ngokugaya nokupholisha. Ukudluliswa kwezitsha zobumba ezibonisa izinto ze-alumina ngemva kokugaya ngokuvamile kungakhuphuka kusuka ku-40% -45% kuya ku-50% -60%, futhi ukupholishwa kungase kufinyelele ngaphezu kwama-80%.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-18-2019