Enye yezinto eziphambili zeekeramics ezicacileyo kukuhanjiswa kwayo. Xa ukukhanya kudlula phakathi, ilahleko yokukhanya kunye nokunciphisa ukuqina kuya kwenzeka ngenxa yokufunxa, ukubonakaliswa komphezulu, ukusabalalisa kunye nokuchithwa kwe-medium. Ezi zithintelo azixhomekanga kuphela kwisiseko semichiza yezinto eziphathekayo, kodwa nakwi-microstructure yezinto eziphathekayo. Izinto ezichaphazela ukuhanjiswa kweekeramics ziya kwaziswa ngezantsi.
1.I-Porosity yeeseramikhi
Ukulungiswa kweeseramics ezicacileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuphelisa ukuxinana kwe-micro-pore ngokupheleleyo kwinkqubo yokutshisa. Ubungakanani, inani kunye nohlobo lwe-pore kwizinto eziphathekayo luya kuba nefuthe elibonakalayo ekukhanyeni kwezinto ze-ceramic.Utshintsho oluncinci kwi-porosity lunokutshintsha kakhulu ukuhanjiswa kwezinto. Umzekelo, uphando lubonise ukuba ukucaca kuncipha ngama-33% xa i-porosity evaliweyo kwi-ceramics itshintsha ukusuka kwi-0.25% ukuya kwi-0.85%. Nangona oku kunokuba ngumphumo wemeko ethile, kwinqanaba elithile, sinokubona ukuba umphumo we-porosity kwi-transparency ye-ceramics kukubonakaliswa ngokuthe ngqo kunye nobudlova. Ezinye iinkcukacha zophando zibonisa ukuba xa umthamo we-stomatal yi-3%, ukuhanjiswa kwe-0.01%, kwaye xa umthamo we-stomatal ngu-0.3%, ukuhanjiswa kwe-10%. Ke ngoko, iikeramics ezicacileyo kufuneka zandise ukuxinana kwazo kwaye zinciphise i-porosity yazo, ehlala ingaphezulu kwe-99.9%. Ngaphandle kwe-porosity, i-diameter ye-pore nayo inempembelelo enkulu ekuhanjisweni kweeseramics. Njengoko kuboniswe kumzobo ongezantsi, sinokubona ukuba ukuhanjiswa kweyona nto iphantsi xa ububanzi be-stomata bulingana nobude bokukhanya kwesiganeko.
2. Ubungakanani beenkozo
Ubungakanani bengqolowa yeepolycrystals zeceramic nazo zinempembelelo enkulu ekuhanjisweni kweeseramikhi ezicacileyo. Xa isiganeko sokukhanya kwe-wavelength silingana nobubanzi obuziinkozo, isiphumo sokusasazwa kokukhanya sisona sikhulu kwaye i-transmittance yeyona iphantsi. Ngoko ke, ukuze kuphuculwe ukuhanjiswa kweekeramics ezicacileyo, ubungakanani beenkozo kufuneka balawulwe ngaphandle koluhlu lwamaza okukhanya kwesiganeko.
3. Ubume bomda wokuziinkozo
Umda wokuziinkozo yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo ezitshabalalisa i-homogeneity ye-optical ye-ceramics kwaye ibangele ukusabalalisa ukukhanya kunye nokunciphisa ukuhanjiswa kwezinto. Ukubunjwa kwesigaba sezinto ze-ceramic ngokuqhelekileyo kubandakanya izigaba ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu, ezinokukhokelela ngokulula ekuhlakazeni ukukhanya kumda womda. Okukhona umahluko omkhulu ekubunjweni kwemathiriyeli, kokukhona umahluko omkhulu kwisalathiso se-refractive, kwaye usezantsi ukuhanjiswa kwazo zonke iiseramics.Ngoko ke, ummandla womda woziinkozo weseramikhi ezicacileyo kufuneka zibe bhityile, ukukhanya okuhambelanayo kulungile, kwaye kungabikho pores. , ukubandakanywa, ukuchithwa kunye nokunye. Izinto zeCeramic ezineekristale ze-isotropic zinokufikelela kwi-linear transmittance efana neglasi.
4. Ukugqitywa komphezulu
Ukuhanjiswa kweeseramics ezicacileyo kukwachatshazelwa buburhabaxa bomphezulu. Uburhabaxa bomphezulu we-ceramic abuhambelani kuphela nokucoleka kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, kodwa kunye nokugqitywa komatshini komphezulu we-ceramic. Emva kwe-sintering, umphezulu we-ceramics engaphendulwanga unobunzima obukhulu, kwaye ukubonakaliswa kwe-diffuse kuya kwenzeka xa ukukhanya kusenzeka phezu komhlaba, okuya kubangela ukulahleka kokukhanya. Okukhona uburhabaxa bomphezulu, kokukhona ukudluliselwa.
Uburhabaxa bomphezulu beseramikhi bunxulumene nokucoleka kwemathiriyeli ekrwada. Ukongeza ekukhetheni ukulunga okuphezulu kwemathiriyeli ekrwada, umphezulu we-ceramics kufuneka ugutywe kwaye upholiswe. Ukuhanjiswa kwe-alumina kwi-ceramics ebonakalayo kunokuphuculwa kakhulu ngokusila kunye nokupolisha. Ukugqithiswa kwe-alumina yekeramics ecacileyo emva kokusila kunokunyuka ngokubanzi ukusuka kwi-40% -45% ukuya kwi-50% -60%, kwaye ukukhazimliswa kunokufikelela ngaphezu kwe-80%.
Ixesha lokuposa: Nov-18-2019