Imwe yeakakosha zvimiro zveakajeka ceramics ndiko kutapurirana kwayo. Kana mwenje uchipfuura nepakati, kurasikirwa kwechiedza uye kusimba kwekudzikisira kuchaitika nekuda kwekutorwa, kutaridzika kwepamusoro, kuparadzira uye kudzoreredza kwepakati. Aya mabhenefiti anoenderana kwete chete neiyo yakakosha makemikari kuumbwa kwezvinhu, asiwo pane microstructure yezvinhu. Zvinhu zvinokanganisa kutapurirana kweceramic zvichaunzwa pazasi.
1.Porosity yekeramics
Kugadzirira kweakajeka ceramics kwakakosha kubvisa densification yemicro-pore zvachose mukuita sintering. Ukuru, nhamba uye rudzi rwepore muzvinhu zvichave nemigumisiro inokosha pakujeka kwezvinhu zveceramic.Kuchinja kuduku mu porosity kunogona kuchinja zvakanyanya kutumirwa kwezvinhu. Semuyenzaniso, ongororo dzakaratidza kuti kujeka kunodzikira ne33% kana porosity yakavharwa mumakeramiki inoshanduka kubva pa0.25% kuenda pa0.85%. Kunyangwe izvi zvingava mugumisiro weimwe mamiriro ezvinhu, kune imwe nhanho, tinogona kuona kuti mhedzisiro yeporosity pakubuda pachena kwekeramics iratidziro yakananga uye yechisimba. Imwe data yekutsvagisa inoratidza kuti kana vhoriyamu yedumbu iri 3%, iyo transmittance iri 0.01%, uye kana stomatal volume iri 0.3%, transmittance i10%. Naizvozvo, maceramics akajeka anofanirwa kuwedzera kuwanda uye kuderedza porosity yavo, iyo inowanzopfuura 99.9%. Kunze kwe porosity, dhayamita yepore zvakare ine simba guru pakufambiswa kwemakeramiki. Sezvinoratidzwa mumufananidzo uri pasi apa, tinogona kuona kuti transmittance ndiyo yakaderera apo dhayamita ye stomata yakaenzana newavelength yechiitiko chiedza.
2. Saizi yezviyo
Saizi yezviyo zveceramic polycrystals zvakare ine simba rakakura pakufambiswa kweakajeka ceramics. Kana chiitiko chechiedza chewavelength chakaenzana nedhayamita yezviyo, kuparadzira kwechiedza ndiko kukuru uye transmittance ndiyo yakaderera. Naizvozvo, kuitira kuti uvandudze kutapurirana kwemakeramiki akajeka, saizi yezviyo inofanira kudzorwa kunze kwewavelength yemwenje wechiitiko.
3. Chimiro chemuganhu wezviyo
Muganhu wezviyo ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha izvo zvinoparadza optical homogeneity yekeramics uye kukonzera kupararira kwechiedza uye kuderedza kutapurirana kwezvinhu. Chikamu chekuumbwa kwezvinhu zveceramic zvinowanzove nezvikamu zviviri kana kupfuura, izvo zvinogona kutungamira nyore kupararira kwechiedza pamuganhu wepamusoro. Kunyanya mutsauko mukuumbwa kwezvinhu, mutsauko mukuru werefractive index, uye kuderera kwekutumira kweceramics yose. Naizvozvo, nzvimbo yezviyo yezviyo zveceramics inoonekera inofanira kuva yakatetepa, chiedza chinofananidzwa chakanaka, uye hapana pores. , inclusions, dislocations uye zvichingodaro. Ceramic zvinhu zvine isotropic crystals zvinogona kuwana mutsara transmittance yakafanana neyegirazi.
4. Kupera kwepamusoro
The transmittance of transparent ceramics inokanganiswawo nekukasharara kwepasi. Iko kushata kweceramic surface hakunei chete nekunaka kwezvinhu zvakasvibirira, asiwo kune kumichina kupedzisa kweceramic surface. Mushure mekunyungudika, pamusoro pemakeramiki asina kucheneswa ane hutsinye hwakakura, uye kupararira kunoratidzira kuchaitika kana chiedza chikaitika pamusoro, izvo zvinozotungamira mukurasikirwa kwechiedza. Iyo yakakura kushata kwechiso, ndiko kuwedzera kwekutapurirana.
Kushata kwepamusoro kweceramic kwakabatana nekunaka kwemidziyo. Pamusoro pekusarudza yakakwira fineness zvigadzirwa, pamusoro pemakeramiki anofanirwa kuve pasi uye kukwenenzverwa. Iyo transmittance yealumina yakajeka ceramics inogona kuvandudzwa zvakanyanya nekukuya nekupukuta. The transmittance of alumina transparent ceramics mushure mekukuya inogona kuwedzera kubva 40% -45% kusvika 50% -60%, uye kupenya kunogona kusvika kupfuura 80%.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-18-2019